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Sugars and Type 2 Diabetes - Action on Sugar
Jere Macdermott edited this page 2026-09-26 08:53:34 +08:00
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What is type 2 diabetes? Diabetes is a lifelong condition that causes a person’s blood sugar to be too high. Insulin is a hormone that is key in regulating blood glucose levels. Type 2 diabetes can occur either as a result of insulin receptors becoming desensitised and as a result no longer responding to insulin; or, due to the beta cells of the pancreas no longer producing insulin. Often it is a combination of these two factors that leads to this condition known as type 2 diabetes. Diabetes is the leading cause of blindness in the UK and the disease’s complications cause more than 100 amputations to take place each week. What are the causes of Type 2 diabetes? There is a complex combination of genetic and environmental risk factors that play a part in the development of diabetes - it tends to cluster in families, but there is also a strong link to environmental risk factors. How does sugar contribute to the risk of Type 2 diabetes?


Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that allows for the regulation of the uptake of glucose. It is released in response to increased glucose levels in the blood and allows for individual cells to take up glucose from the blood to metabolise it. A high-sugar diet has been linked with an increased incidence of type 2 diabetes due to the links between high sugar intake and obesity. The link between sugar consumption and diabetes is both direct and indirect - with sugars-sweetened beverages being directly linked to the incidence of type 2 diabetes, and equally sugar consumption leading to obesity, one of the main risk factors for type 2 diabetes. There are several complications associated with type 2 diabetes. The current recommendation for sugar intake is that it does not exceed 10% of daily energy intake. The recent review published by the SACN has highlighted the need for this percentage to be further reduced to 5% (30g of sugars).


Not exceeding the maximum amount of calories per day - 2,000 calories per day for women and 2,500 calories per day for men. Reducing the consumption of sugars-sweetened beverages. Exercise for half an hour, 5 times a week (moderate intensity exercise). Maintaining a healthy waist-to-hip ratio, as it is a good indicator of abdominal fat and thus diabetes. NHS Choices. 2014. "Diabetes." URL: . Diabetes UK. 2014. "Diabetes Prevalence 2013," URL: . Diabetes UK. 2014. "The Cost of Diabetes Report". Kanavos, van den Aardweg and Schurer. 2012. "Diabetes expenditure, burden of disease and management in 5 EU countries," LSE. Diabetes UK. 2014. "Diabetes Facts and Stats," URL: . Health and Social Care Information Centre (HSCIC). 2014. "Statistics on Obesity, Physical Activity and Diet." URL: . Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition. Health and Social Care Information Centre (HSCIC). 2014. "Statistics on Obesity, Physical Activity and Diet." URL: . Mayo Clinic Staff. 2014. "Obesity" URL: . Key statistics on health inequalities: Summary paper. 2007. The Scottish Government.


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